What is efflorescence in masonry?

Efflorescence refers to the formation of white, chalky deposits that appear on the surface of masonry materials, such as brick or concrete, as a result of soluble salts brought to the surface by moisture. When water evaporates from the masonry, it leaves behind these salts, which crystallize and create the noticeable white deposits. This phenomenon is common in areas where there is excessive moisture or inadequate drainage, allowing water to seep into the masonry.

In contrast, options related to structural failure, types of mortar, and measuring wall height do not accurately define efflorescence. Understanding efflorescence is important because, while it may not always indicate serious structural issues, it can lead to aesthetic concerns and potentially point to moisture problems within the masonry, which might require further inspection or remediation.