In estimating materials for masonry, what is important to consider about sand?

When estimating materials for masonry, considering that sand must be clean and fine is important for several reasons. Clean sand is crucial because impurities, such as clay, silt, or organic matter, can adversely affect the quality of the mortar or concrete being produced. These impurities may lead to reduced strength, poor bonding capabilities, and increased moisture retention, all of which can compromise the integrity of masonry work.

A fine sand texture allows for better workability and helps in achieving a smoother finish in the final product. It contributes to a higher surface area for bonding with cement, which enhances the overall strength and durability of the masonry.

Other factors, such as whether sand should be mixed with clay or not, sourcing from inland quarries, or passing through specific sieves, may apply in different contexts or have relevance in specific construction techniques but do not have the same critical impact on the fundamental qualities of masonry materials as the cleanliness and fineness of the sand do. Thus, focusing on the cleanliness and fineness of the sand is essential for successful masonry practices.